Raw Material Introduction｜Lotus pink

▎Essential Oil Introduction

Pink lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is also called Indian lotus, sacred lotus, or simply lotus. Nelumbo is a perennial herbaceous water-producing plant. It is native to ancient India and later found from Vietnam to Afghanistan. It is generally distributed in subtropical and temperate regions such as Central Asia, West Asia, North America, India, China, and Japan. There are more than 800 cultivated species. Lotus can be propagated by seeds or rhizomes. In particular, its seeds can survive for thousands of years. Some scientists have cultivated some thousand-year-old lotus seeds, and the resulting lotus flowers are still full of vitality. Ancient lotus seeds dating back thousands of years have been unearthed in Pulandian District, Dalian City, China. Two ancient lotus seeds discovered at the Yangshao Cultural Site in Dahe Village, Zhengzhou, China, are more than 3,000 years old, but they are too precious and have not been tested for cultivation.

Lotus prefers an environment with high heat and humidity. For varieties distributed in temperate zones, the evergreen parts will wither on the soil in winter and the lotus stems will swell. Most of the tropical varieties have evergreen parts that do not wilt, and the lotus stems do not swell significantly. The lotus symbolizes patience and peace. It grows in the mud and will bloom large and gorgeous flowers on the water surface with flat and wide leaves. The flowers may be pink, white or blue. The flowers exude a unique fragrance. In Buddhist culture, they also symbolize Eternal life and transcendence. Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth, is known as the "Auspicious Goddess". She combines wealth, magnificence, fertility, and vitality. She holds a pink lotus, so the pink lotus also symbolizes bringing good luck

Lotus essence needs to be aged before it can condense its fragrance. Pink lotus essence is a dark pink viscous liquid with a fragrant and sweet aroma, giving people a sense of tranquility and elegance.

▎Component Analysis

｜Main Component

The ingredients are complex and diverse, including caryophyllene oxides, ß-caryophyllene, Cis Jasmone, 1.4-dimethoxybenzene, and other trace components.

｜Types of Lotus

Item	Pink Lotus	White Lotus	Blue Lotus
Latin name	Nelumbo nucifera	Nelumbo nucifer	Nymphaea caerulea
Aroma	It has a rich and sweet floral aroma as the main note, with fruity and leather notes.	The aroma is sweeter, with animal and herbal aromas.	It has the strongest aroma, and some people might not like it the first time they smell it.

｜Research Validation

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｜Raw Material Certifications

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▎References

1. Zhang, C. Y., & Guo, M. Comparing Three Different Extraction Techniques on Essential Oil Profiles of Cultivated and Wild Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Flower. Life(Basel). 2020.sep 16；10(9), 209.
2. Zhang, C. Y., & Guo, M. Comparing Three Different Extraction Techniques on Essential Oil Profiles of Cultivated and Wild Lotus (Nelumbo nucifer2. Yang MY, Hung TW, Wang CJ, Tseng TH. Inhibitory Effect of Nelumbo nucifera Leaf Extract on 2-Acetylaminofluorene-induced Hepatocarcinogenesis Through Enhancing Antioxidative Potential and Alleviating Inflammation in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Aug 22;8(9):329. a) Flower. Life(Basel). 2020.sep 16；10(9), 209.
3. Yamini R, M Kannan, SP Thamaraisevi, D Uma, R Santhi. Phytochemical screening and nutritional analysis of Nelumbo nucifera (Pink lotus) flower petals and seeds. Int J Chem Stud 2019;7(3):3540-3545.
4. Battaglia, S. (2019). Lotus–the sacred flower.
5. Noysang, C., & Boonmatit, N. Preliminary Phytochemicals and Pharmacologic Activities Assessment of White and Pink Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn Flowers. Applied Mechanics and Materials (1662-7482, Vol. 891, pp. 41-51). 2019 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
6. Jitsaeng, K., & Sungthong, B. Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Contents of Various Parts from Two Cultivars of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Journal of Science & Technology MSU . Mar/Apr 2017, Vol. 36 Issue 2, p154-160. 7p.
7. Prabsattroo, T., Wattanathorn, J., Somsapt, P., & Sritragool, O. Positive modulation of pink Nelumbo nucifera flowers on memory impairment, brain damage, and biochemical profiles in restraint rats. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2016(4):1-11.
8. Saraswathi, R. V., & Gricilda Shoba, F. Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Study of Hydroethanolic Petal Extract of Pink Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2015, 5, 2530-2538.
9. Saraswathi, R. V., & Shoba, F. G. Evaluation of anti-renotoxic responses in flowers of Indian lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.). January 2015. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 7, 138-142.
10. Durairaj, B., & Dorai, A. Free radical scavenging potential of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn flowers (white and pink). International Journal of Natural Sciences Research 2014, 2(8), 133-146.
11. Venkatesh, B., & Dorai, A. Antibacterial and antioxidant potential of white and pink Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn flowers. (2011)IACSIT Press, Singapore, 5, 213-217.
12. Durairaj Brindha, Arthi Dorai. Antiplatelet activity of white and pink Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn flowers. September 2010. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 46(3):579-583
13. Choi, H. S. Headspace Flavor Composition of Pink-Flowered Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner). January 2010. Analytical Chemistry Letters,1(3), 194-201.
14. Durairaj, B., & Dorai, A. Evaluation of Antitumor and in vivo antioxidant potentials of Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn (white and pink) flowers in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma mice. Journal of Pharmacy Research 2010, 3(10), 2483-2487.
15. Brindha, D., & Arthi, D. (2010). Antimicrobial activity of white and pink Nelumbo nucifera gaertn flowers. Asian journal of pharmaceutical research and health care, 2(2).
16. C. Saengkhae. W. Arunnopparat. P. Sungkhajorn. Antioxidant activity of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn on oxidative stress-induced erythrocyte haemolysis in hypertensive and normotensive rats. January 2007. The Journal of Physiological Sciences 20(2):70-78
17. PK Mukherjee 1, K Saha, M Pal, B P Saha. Effect of Nelumbo nucifera rhizome extract on blood sugar level in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997 Nov;58(3):207-13.

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