原料介紹｜桂花 (Osmanthus)

▎精油簡介

桂花是木樨科桂花屬的一個種，在中國栽培歷史悠久，花簇生，銀白色，盛開時香氣濃鬱，花冠四裂片，核果橢圓形成熟時轉為黑色，但在台灣結果率極低。別稱木犀、金木樨、九里杏、四季桂、岩桂等。象徵順利的仕途、榮華富貴。

戰國時期，桂花不但被用來釀酒，也用來薰茶、薰衣，還提取香油作為各種用途的香料品，也稱情人之花，男女戀愛時以饋贈桂花表達情愛。當時，韓國與燕國的君王往來時亦互贈桂花，以表君子友好之意。

桂花可食用，以賦予甜點天然香味而聞名。這種開花植物長期以來一直用於觀賞目的。與桂花相關的當代文獻大多集中在其食用價值和新物種的發現上，但往往忽略了其功能用途，桂花具有許多對人體健康有益的特性，其根、莖、葉、花、果均有藥用價值，這些特點都記載在中醫經典中，近年來關於桂花二次代謝物藥用價值研究陸續地發表，並根據其性質和結構分為三類：黃酮類化合物、萜烯和酚酸。

▎成分解析

｜主要成分：苯基酯

α-紫羅蘭酮、β-紫羅蘭酮、芳樟醇、γ-癸內酯、γ-辛內酯、香葉醇、酯類等。

｜研究認證

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｜原料認證

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▎參考文獻

1. Fu CC, et al. Secondary Metabolites of Osmanthus fragrans: Metabolism and Medicinal Value. Front Pharmacol. 2022. Jul 18;13:922204.
2. Wu L, et al. Exploration of Osmanthus fragrans Lour.'s composition, nutraceutical functions and applications. Food Chem. 2022. May 30;377:131853.
3. Wang B, et al. Traditional uses, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties of Osmanthus fragrans: A review. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022. Jul 15;293:115273.
4. Wang Z, et al. The complete mitochondrial genome of Osmanthus fragrans (Lamiales, Oleaceae) from China. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. 2021. Jun 21;6(7):2056-2057.
5. Chen H, et al. Whole-genome resequencing of Osmanthus fragrans provides insights into flower color evolution. Hortic Res. 2021. May 1;8(1):98.
6. Liao X, et al. Identification and quantification of the bioactive components in Osmanthus fragrans roots by HPLC-MS/MS. J Pharm Anal. 2021.
7. Shi Y, et al. Genome-wide miRNA analysis and integrated network for flavonoid biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragrans. BMC Genomics. 2021. Feb 27;22(1):141.
8. Kong F, et al. Assessing the impact of climate change on the distribution of Osmanthus fragrans using Maxent. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021. Jul;28(26):34655-34663.
9. Zhang Y, et al. The Potential Protective Effect of Iridoid Glycosides Isolated From Osmanthus fragrans Seeds Against the Development of Immune Liver Injury in Mice. Front Pharmacol. 2021. Nov 8;12:760338.
10. Song HY, et al. Bioactivity-Guided Extract Optimization of Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Phillyrin. Plants (Basel). 2021. Jul 28;10(8):1545.
11. Fu J, et al. Transcriptomic analysis of flower opening response to relatively low temperatures in Osmanthus fragrans. BMC Plant Biol. 2020. Jul 16;20(1):337.
12. Jeong DE, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of phenylpropyl triterpenoids from Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus leaves. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020. Sep;86:106576.
13. Hozumi H, et al. Aromatherapies using Osmanthus fragrans oil and grapefruit oil are effective complementary treatments for anxious patients undergoing colonoscopy: A randomized controlled study. Complement Ther Med. 2017. Oct;34:165-169.

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